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0. IF. MORRILL.`

FAUGBT.

No` 60,223. Patented Dec. 4, 1866.

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OSCAR MORRILL, OF CHELSEA, MASSCHUS'ITS.

ALetters Patent No. 60,223, dated December 4, 1866; antedateclNovembcrfl, 1866.

'SPECIFIGA'IIorrV TO ALL WI-IOM IT MAY CONGERN: t

Beit known that I, OscAn F. MonnILL, of Chelsea, in the county of Suolk,and State of Massachusetts have invented an improved Faucet 5 and I dohereby declare that the following, taken in connectiontwith the idrawings which accompany and form part of this specification, is adescription of my invention suilcient to enable those skilled in the artto practise it. 4

The invention relates sto the construct-ion and arrangement of parts ofmetallic faucets, and particularly to i that class of faucets used fordrawing oil.

The improvement consists in the employment of a. metallic diaphragmpacking, extending across the top of thc faucet chamber, and held downover. the mouth of said chamber bythe screw-cap. Also, in the employmentin the faucet chamber of a metallic valve held above the valve-seat by ametallic spring, and forced down against the same by the pressure of ascrew-plug or follower, exerted against the diaphragm, and bythediaphragm against the valve.

The drawing represents a central section of a faucet embodying theinvention. a denotes the main chamber; b the induction pipe leadinginto, and c the eduction pipe leading from, said' chamber; d is thevalve-seat, ande the valve, through which communication between theinduction and eduction pipes is controlled. The lower face ofthis valveis made dishing or concave, so as to make a sharp edgc,f, which bypressure against the flat surface of the valve-seat shall grind or pressinto said surface and make a-.perfectly tight joint, the edge cuttingthroughany such: slight substance as may enter the chamber and comeunder the valve.

In faucets of ordinary construction, where a packing is used, it isfound impossible, in employing them for certain kinds of liquid, to makethe valve perfectly tight, as the liquid will dissolve or permeatethrough the packing, however tightly it may be compressed; and the sameis true where a flat-surfaced valve impinges against a tint-surfacedvalve-seat, any fine sediment or foreign matter comin g between thesurfacesmakin g the joint pervious to the fluid.v I therefore dispensewith thecoinmonpacking and bring the valve to an edge, as described. Andto prevent the escape ofthe liquid through the screw joint made-by thecap, g, and through the packing ordinarily employed in connectiontherewith, I employ the diaphragm, L, made independent of the follower,and the valve, d, and extending, at its edge, over a sharp edge, 7c,made on the `top df thel chamber, a, the cap, g, screwing down upon thediaphragm and pressing the edge, la, into the diaphragm, making thejoint between the cap and chamber perfectly tight, and therebypreventing all escape `of the liquid bythe threads of the cap-screw orthe threads of the screw-follower, z'. Instead of making the sharp edgeon the valveand the iiat surface on its seat, the reverse may be thcconstruction, the valve having the dat surface and the seat the edge.And so with the cap; it may have the sharp edge, and the top of thechamber, a, theilat surface; but I consider the construction shown to bemost practicable. The valve isshown in the drawing as'raised from `itsseat, it being broughtto this position (when the 'follower is raised) bya spring or lifter, Z, which has a central hole, into which the valvelits, (the valve having a flange which rests upon the spring) andprojections or legs, m, which rest upon a seat, made around the valvechamber, as seen at A, (which shows a top view of the faucet chamber,

the valve, and the spring or lifter, l.) The legs orprojections, m,serve to centralize the valve `and bring it properly into position onits seat, when pressed down by the follower. The follower is providedwith a. shoe, o, at its lower ond, the lower face of which is madeslightly convex, as seen in the drawing. The end of the follower entersthis shoe, and the diaphragm is held up in contact with it by its ownspring, and the spring of the lifter, Z, which holds the rvalveup to thediaphragm. The follower turns freely in the shoe without rotating it,and when the follower is screwed down lit presses down the diaphragm,and the diaphragm the valve, until the latter is brought rmly upon itsseat., the upper surface of the valve being made crowning, so that thepressure all around the edge of the valve is the same.

Where for various purposes metallic diaphragms have heretofore beenextended `across the chambers of cocks or faucets, thc practice is, sofar as I know, to attach the diaphragm to the valve by a Stem, but Ihave found that in a faucet that is used continually, the diaphragm soonbreaks away at the stem which connects-it with the valve; I thereforemake the diaphragm independent of the valve, and. to 'prevent wear bythe grinding or friction of the end of the follower upon itssurfacc, Iemploy the shoe, which simply presses againstrand coxu-V municatesmotion to the diaphragm without rotating against the same.

St-rainors 'are sometimes placed over the induction orifices of faucets,but the -area of the'straining surface is so small that the holes soonbecome obstructed. To increase thc straining arca, I place a. conical ortapering straine1', 79, just Within-the mouth of the induction pipe, asseen in the drawing. This enables the induction orice to be kept freefor a long time, While it prevents the entrance of foreign matters whichmight tend to obstruct the valve in the chamber, a. v

I claim, in combination with the metal valve e, the metal' diaphragmpacking h, extending ovei` the faucet chamber, and held down by thescrew-cap g, substantially as described.

Also, in combination with the diaphragm L, and valve theA spring-lifterZ, operating to raise the valve from its seat as the follower isunscrewed, said spring being provided with' legs or projections whichserve to keep the valve in central position with respect to its seat,substantially as described.

Also, the relative arrangement of the valvee, diaphragm h, spring l,shoe o, and follower z', to effect the raising.;l of the valve from itsseat, and its closing thereupon, substantially as set forth. v

OSCAR E. MORRILL. Witnesses:

F. GoULD, J. B.V CROSBY. Y to

